Mabinogi Study

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====== A-Z ======

[[1ss]] for long quotes.

<datatables page-length="25">
^Name^Date^Notes^
|**Aberffraw**| |Residence of the princes of Gwynedd from 843 [Roderick the Great] – 1282 [Llewelyn the Last]. (Guest, p. 293, Endn. to p. 369)|
|**Adar Rhiannon**| |Birds. [2] Enchanters at trancelike feast, Harlech. Seven Survvors after irish War, cf. //Culhwch// numbered three.|
|**//adawaf//**| |No initial 'g' in adawaf. The sense is not ‘promise’ but ‘allow, permit.’ Ref. Rhiannon’s ownership of the feast. (Ellis p.25, n.66)|
|**//aillt//**| |[3]N. Welsh. – serf, //taeog// S. Welsh. The Welsh as hunters felt contempt for town dwellers so called them serfs. (Ellis p. 81, n..9) cf. Pryderi's contempt for the craftsmen.|
|**Amaethon mab Don**| |Brother of Gwydion, farmer, in //Culhwch// & Triad; in //Cad Goddeu// poem as Amathaon ap Dôn who stole a roebuck from Arawn and fought him.|
|**//amod//**| |[4] Contract made without sureties. (Ellis p. 103, n. 12) Gwydion & Pryderi; cf. //cyfnewid// exchange, sale. (Ellis p.104, n.14)|
|**//anasawd//, WB**| |//gosked// RB. Identical. Ref. shapeshift Arawn. (Ellis p. 8, n. 18)|
|**//anawybot//**| |ignorance. Regarded as serious discourtesy in mediaeval Wales. Ellis p.6. n.12) [i.e. not knowing how to conduct oneself in a given situation. C.J.]|
|**//Aneurin//**|6thC|//Y Gododdin// poem attr. to him. Older parts prob. from a lost Old Welsh MS., c. 9thC, poss. oral transmission from Aneirin himself. In ‘MS. Llyfr Aneirin’, c. 1250, Cardiff Public Library. (Bartrum pp. 17-18; Williams’ //Canu//, and Jackson trans. 1969.)|
|**Animals**| |Birds (Starling [2], Adar Rhiannon [2], Eagle [4], Owl [4], ). Horse (Rhiannon's courtship chase [1], Teyrnon's mare, foal/ colt [1], Matholwch's horses [2], Gwydion's fake horses [4]). Dogs (Cwn Annwfn, Pwyll's hounds, staghound bitch and puppies, [1] Pryderi's hounds [3], Gwydion's fake hounds [4]). Mice (Llwyd's shapeshifted mice, Mouse Lady [3]). Ox, donkey (asses' collar [3]), billy goat [4]. Pigs (Boar leads to tower [3], Gift pigs from Annwfn [4], Boar & Sow shapeshift, son, Sow leads Gwydion to Lleu [4]). Stag [1] Stag & Hind  shapeshift, son [4]. Wolf, she wolf  shapeshift, son [4]. Lloyd  considers ‘animals are regarded as men's friends' (p. 234) but it seems a mixed situation.|
^Anwyl, Edward|1897-1912|First exclusively Mabinogi analysis (1897-1901) Myth., Lit. 3 Cycles. See his protegee E.J.Lloyd in [[Quotes]]|
|**[[Arawn]]**| |m. [1] King of Annwfn, enchanter, shapeshifts identity with Pwyll, becomes ally of Dyfed.|
|**Arberth**| |[1,3] Main location of Rhiannon's tales. //Priflys//, a 'chief court' of Dyfed. See Gorsedd Arberth.|
^**Arianrhod** ferch Dôn| |f. [4] Gwynedd. Dishonored by brother Gwydion & uncle Math, she rejects her two children. In conflict with Gwydion she lays 3 fateful bans on her son Lleu, his fosterling: no name, no arms, no human wife. Gwydion tricks her on the first two, but his constructed 'wife' causes Lleu's death.^
|**Attendants**| |Boys & two horsemen help Pwyll dress at Annwfn court. See also Maids (4 groups). |
|**Bards**| |Pwyll prompted by Rhiannon gives largesse to minstrels the morning of his wedding. [1] See Storytellers.  |
^**Bendigeidfran** fab Llŷr| |m. [2] King of all Britain, avenges sister Branwen via Irish War. After death becomes guardian of Britain. Nephew Gweir killed by Efnysien. Son Caradawc killed by Caswallon.|
|**//Birds//**| |[2,4] Adar Rhiannon [2]. Hawks; Starling; Wren; Eagle [4].|
|**Bishop**| |m. [3] Dyfed. Llwyd's third, last disguise as Bishop to negotiate his Mouse Lady's freedom from Manawydan.|
|**Bleiddwn**| |m. [4] Gwynedd. Son of Gwydion & Gilfaethwy as wolves, adopted by [[Mâth]]|
^**Blodeuedd**| |f. [4] Gwynedd. Non-human (enchanted) wife of Lleu; unfaithful, plots his death. Gwydion's vengeance transforms her to an owl.|
|**//Boar//**| |Pig. [3,4] Pryderi & Manawydan, hunting, lured to tower trap by white boar. Math shapeshifts Gwydion & Gilfaethwy as boar & sow, bear son Hychdin Hir. See Pigs of Annwfn; Sow. |
^[[s:bollard|Bollard, John K.]]|1974-|Intricate unified literature paradigm, structural analysis, 3 themes (S)|
|**Brân**| |//See Bendigeidfran// |
^**Branwen** ferch Llŷr| |f. [2] High ranking princess of Britain, abused queen of Ireland, husband Matholwch. Brother Bendigeidfran avenges her in the Irish War. She is peacemaker, dies of grief and guilt.|
|**Breeze**, Andrew|1997-|Woman author theory, political analysis. //Medieval  Welsh  Literature//|
|**Bromwich**, Rachel|1954-2006|//Trioedd//, 'Triads' 1969 Exc. Mabinogi data Pughe Guest biog (S)|
|**Caradawc** fab Bendigeifran| |m. [2] Britain. Son of Bendigeifran, died of grief due to Caswallon's violence. |
|**//caseg//**| |mare (GPC)|
|**Caswallon**| |m. [2,3] No clear genealogy. Usurper of Britain during Irish War, violent murderer. |
|**Charles-Edwards**, Thomas|1970-|Dating 1050-1100 (Sullivan) Crit S. Lewis //Welsh King and his Court//|
|**Cigfa** ferch Gwyn Gohoyw| |f. [3] Chaste wife of Pryderi, attempts to prevent Manawydan from humilating himself.|
|**Counsellors to Rhiannon**| |[1] Accused of infantcide Rhiannon holds counsel with her advisers to decide what to do. |
|**Courtier at Arberth**| |m. [1] A Dyfed courtier advises Pwyll of the nature of the Arberth prophecy before he meets Rhiannon. |
|**//Cŵn Annwfn//**| |Dogs. [2] Enchanted hunting hounds of Arawn, red eyes & ears, hunt Stag, meet Pwyll.|
|**//cyfranc, gyfranc//**| |affair, concern, incident, adventure; story (of battle, &c.), tale, narrative; conversation, discussion. (GPC)|
|**//Cyfranc Caseg a’r Mab//**|1977|‘The Adventure of the Mare and the Boy,’ Detailed example of lore. (Ford, pp. 3-14)The tale ‘a separate existence and perhaps known independently under that name’, from Teyrnon’s reference with these words, at Arberth. Continuity into Third Branch. ‘one of the most significant narratives in the tradition.’ (p. 4) Notes both boy and colt taken to Arberth (p. 6)|
|**Date of composition**|1100 c. |Based on 1) its language, Middle Welsh; 2) lack of 'loan words' from French; 3) lack of Arthurian references. See Rodway, 2013 summary pp. 5-13. Compiled from earlier oral tradition material.|
|**Davies**, Rhiannon|1993 |'Moral Structure' PhD|
^Davies, Sioned| 1986-|Many works. Oral performance, formulaic units. Trans. 2007/ 2008|
|**//Dogs//**| |[1,2,4] Cŵn Annwfn; Hounds (Pwyll, Pryderi); Puppies; Staghound bitch.|
|**Dôn**| |f. [4] Gwynedd. Mother of Arianrhod, Gwydion, and Gofannon; sister of Math of Gwynedd.|
|**Dylan** Eil Ton| |m. [4]  Gwynedd. Rejected child of Arianwhod, takes to the sea. Killed by Gofannon, uncle.|
|**//Eagle//**| |Bird. [2] Enchanted shapeshift, Lleu after death by Gronw. Reclaimed by Gwydion tracking a Sow.|
|**Earl, Annwfn**| |m. [1] Cryptic noble at the feast Pwyll joins, seated beside Queen of Annwfn.|
^**Efnysien** fab Euroswydd| |m. [2] Britain, Ireland. Bitterly resentful half brother of Bendigeidran, Branwen & Manawydan; full bro. Nisien. Villain of Second Branch, killer, plotter. Dies heroically destroying Cauldron.|
|**Ellis**, Thomas Peter|1926-29|Legal. Trans. //The Mabinogion// 1929|
^Evans, John Gwenogvryn|1887-1907| Llyfr Coch Hergest (1887)//Reports on MSS//( 1899-05) Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch (1907)|
^Ford, Patrick|1977-|Trans. //The Mabinogi and Other// Native tales. Myth. Lit. (S)|
|**Fulton**, Helen|1988-|Political context, education of princes.|
|**Gantz**, Jeffrey| 1976-| Trans. //The Mabinogion// Thematic structure (S)|
|**Gilfaethwy**| |m. [4] Gwynedd. His brother Gwydion arranges a war so that Gilfaethwy can rape the virgin Goewin.|
|**Glifieu** Eil Taran| |m.[2] One of the Seven Survivors of the Irish War; also Manawydan, Pryderi, Taliesin, Ynawg, Gruddyeu ap Muriel, Heilyn ap Gwyn Hen.|
|**Glyn Cuch**| | [1] Large river valley running north-south Dyfed where Pwyll chose to hunt, & met Arawn.|
|**Goewin** ferch Pebin| |f. [4]  Gwynedd. High status virgin footholder to Math, raped by Gilfaethwy. She reports to Math who marries her in compensation.|
|**Gofannon** ap Dôn| |m. [4] Gwynedd. Smith god. Brother of Gwydion, Gilfaethwy, Arianrhod. Uncle of Dylan who he kills.|
|**Green**, Miranda| 1991-| Myths, goddesses.|
|**Groom**| |m. [1] Dyfed. Pwyll tells his groom to saddle his horse so as to pursue Rhiannon.|
|**Gronw Pebyr**| |m. [4] Gwynedd. Lover of Blodeuedd, a noble, plots with her to murder her husband Lleu. Succeeds, but Gwydion rescues Lleu who kills Gronw.|
|**Gruddyeu** ap Muriel| |m.[2] One of the Seven Survivors or the Irish War; also Manawydan, Pryderi, Glifieu Eil Taran, Taliesin, Ynawg, Heilyn ap Gwyn Hen.|
^Gruffydd, William John|1912-55 |Mythological reconstr. //Rhiannon// 1953 Irish dominance, Pryderi hero (WJG)|
^[[s:guest|Charlotte Guest]]| 1838-1877|First complete publ. orig. bilingual. Arthurian romance inspired.|
|**Gwawl** ap Clud| |m. [1] Dyfed. Princely noble, suitor to Rhiannon, rival to Pwyll, unsuccessful.|
|**Gwawl's company**| |m.f. [1] Dyfed. Pwyll greets Gwawl's company of men and women present at the second wedding feast.|
|**Gwern** ap Matholwch| |m. [2] Ireland. Son of Branwen & Matholwch, becomes heir to Britain & Ireland as infant but Efnysien his uncle murders him.|
|**Gŵri Gwallt Euryn**| |m. [1] Gwent. 'Gwri Golden hair'. Childhood name of Pryderi, son of Rhiannon & Pwyll, adopted by Teyrnon & Lady of Gwent. See //Cyfranc Caseg a’r Mab//, ‘The Adventure of the Mare and the Boy,’ Ford (1977) pp.3-14|
^Gwydion ap Dôn| |m. [4] Gwynedd. Brother of Arianrhod, enchanter, foster father of Lleu. Villain of Fourth Branch, contests with Arianrhod, wins twice loses third. Constructs Blodeuedd. Rescues Lleu.|
|**Hafgan**| |m. [1] Rival king of Annwfn, enemy of Arawn. Pwyll vanquishes him in political duel.|
|**Hamp**, Eric| 1972-99|Dating Archaism|
|//Hawks//| |Birds. [1] Noted as valuable gifts between Annwfn & Dyfed to cement their alliance,|
|**Heilyn** ap Gwyn Hen| |m.[2] One of the Seven Survivors or the Irish War; also Manawydan, Pryderi, Glifieu Eil Taran, Taliesin, Ynawg, Gruddyeu ap Muriel.|
|**Hemming**, Jessica| 1993-|First Branch, Ami Amile, Rhiannon, colours Otherworld, aka Hooker|
|**Herald**| |m. [1] A herald announces the purpose and terms of a duel 1) Pwyll- Hafgan in Annwfn. 2) Pryderi- Gwydion.|
|**//Horse//**| |Horse 1) Large, pale horse ridden by Arawn the enchanter king, Dyfed. 2) Horses noted as valuable gifts of alliance Annwfn-Dyfed. 3) Enchanted, large, noble steed which Rhiannon rides to court Pwyll (Dyfed). Anomalous speed, cannot be reached by 3 fast horses, incl. Pwyll's. 4) Teyrnon's mare foals but they are abducted (Gwent) see //Cyfranc a'r Caseg Mab//. [1] 5) Efnysien mutilates Matholwch's horses as dishonour to cause strife, Bendigeidfran replaces them. (Gwynedd) [2] |
|**//Hound//**| |Dog. See Cwn Annwfn; Hounds (Pwyll, Annwfn gifts, Pryderi); Puppies; Staghound bitch. |
|**//Hounds//**| |Dogs. Pwyll takes his hunting hounds to Glyn Cuch to hunt, meets Arawn. Hounds are valuable gifts in the Annwfn-Dyfed alliance.[1] Pryderi ensures family survival in the Devastation of Dyfed via hounds; pursues hounds into tower of captivity, following Boar. [3]|
^Hughes, Ian |1992-|Many works all Branches, context, language. Tripartite structure|
|**Hychdin Hir**| |m. [4] Gwynedd. Son of Gwydion & Gilfaethwy as boar & sow, adopted by [[Mâth]]|
|**Byddwn**| |m. [4] Gwynedd. Son of Gwydion & Gilfaethwy as stag & hind, adopted by [[Mâth]]|
|**Hyfaidd Hen**| |m. [1] Father of Rhiannon, presides at her wedding feasts, with her, gives legal advice.|
|**Hyfaidd's Court**| |m.f. [1] Explicitly mentioned at the final stage of Rhiannon and Pwyll's wedding feast.|
|**Byfaidd Hir**| |m. [2] Britain. Messenger of Bendigeidfran, one of the Seven Survivors of the Irish War.|
|**Irish Warriors**| |m. [2] Irish warriors hide in flour bags to ambush the British. Efnysien kills them by crushing their heads.|
|**Jackson**, Kenneth|1951-74|//International Popular Tale// 1963 applied Aarne Thompson tale analysis|
^Jones, Gwyn |1946-93 |Trans. (+Thomas Jones) 1948 First popular since Guest. Many works.|
|**Jones**, R. M. |1981-|Structural analysis (S)|
^Jones, Thomas |1946-82 |Trans. (+Gwyn Jones) 1948 First popular since Guest. Many works|
|**Kapphahn**, Kris |2010-|Social context, gender, warriors|
^Koch, John T. |1985-|Many works. Iron Age, myth, social context. //Encyclopedia// many articles 2006|
|**'Lady of Gwent'**| |f. [1] Gwent. Unnamed wife of Teyrnon, advises him in all matters, adopts Gwri/ Pryderi.|
|**Lewis**, Saunders |1923-75 |Dating 12thC crit Charles-Edwards. Playwright. Political activist.|
|**Loomis**, Roger Sherman |1928-53 |Arthurian, Grail, Irish influence|
|**Loth**, Joseph Marie |1889-1929 |Trans. Guest text to French, first trans into 3rd language.|
|**Luft**, Diana |2010-|Welsh Renaissance, esp. 18thC|
|**Llassar** Llaes Gyfnewid| |m. [2]  Ireland, Britain. Husband of Cymidei, guardian of Cauldron, emigrates to Britain. Craftsman in leather.|
^Lleu Llaw Gyffes| |m. [4] Rejected son of Arianrhod, adopted by Gwydion his uncle. Marries Blodeuedd, murdered by his wife and her lover. Survives as eagle, reclaimed by Gwydion.|
|**Lloyd**, Elizabeth |1911 |Mabinogion as Literature, mentored by Anwyl|
|**Lloyd-Morgan**, Ceridwen |1981-|Triadic structure. gender, violence|
^Llyfr Coch Hergest|c. 1400|Manuscript containing the Mabinogi (//The Mabinogion//) and other material. Since 1715 Bodleian Library, for Jesus College, Oxford, MS 111. See Llyfr Gwyn; Peniarth 6|
^Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch|c. 1350|Manuscript (Peniarth MS 4) containing the Mabinogi (//The Mabinogion//) and other material. NLW (National Library of Wales) since 1906.  See Llyfr Gwyn; Peniarth 6|
|**Llwyd** fab Cilcoed| |m. [3] Enchanter friend of Gwawl, attempts to avenge him. Creates Devastation for Dyfed, traps Pryderi & Rhiannon. Manawydan captures his wife, the Mouse Lady, uses her to negotiate restitution.|
|**Llŷr**| |m. [2] Father of Branwen, Bendigeidfran, Manawydan|
|**//Llys//**| |Court. //Priflys//, a 'chief court' (//prif// 'first, chief'). Political, economic, legal centres. Rulers moved around them, or sent trusted princely agent, esp. to collect supplies.|
|**Mac Cana**, Proinsias |1955-99 |//The Mabinogi// but re Mabinogion. Many works. Myth reconstruction|
|**Maids** of Arianrhod| |f. [4]Gwydion & Lleu visit disguised as bards. Under fake attack her two maids arm Gwydion; she arms Lleu, breaking her second ban.|
|**Maids** of Blodeuedd| |f. [4]Support their lady in her actions, flee in terror from Gwydion's vengeance, fall to deaths in lake.|
|**Maids** of Gwent| |f.[1]The Lady of Gwent refers to her Maids as completely loyal if she constructs deceit that she gives birth to foundling Gŵri/Pryderi.|
|**Maids** of Rhiannon| |f.[1]Six women. To hide their failure to guard Rhiannon, they plot, smearing her with puppies' blood to look like infanticide.|
^Manawydan fab Llŷr| |m. [2,3] Brother of Bendigeidfran king of Britain, and Branwen queen of Ireland. Trusted diplomat, cautious about enchantment, friend of Pryderi who gifts him rulership. Marries Rhiannon. Craftsman, farmer. Captures Mouse Lady, uses her to negotiate restitution of Dyfed.|
|**Mare**| |f. Horse. Teyrnon's prize mare foals at May Eve but the newborn always disappears. Gwent. See //Cyfranc a'r Caseg Mab//|
^Math ap Mathonwy| |m. [4] Lord of Gwynedd, enchanter, needs footholder unless at war. Marries the raped Goewin as restitution. Constructs non-human Blodeuedd as wife for Lleu and gifts him territory.|
^Matholwch| |m. [2] King of Ireland, seeks marriage with Branwen of Britain, father of Gwern. Follows bad advice, abuses Branwen, acts treacherously to Bendigeidfran.|
|**Mathonwy**| |f/m. [4]Parent of Math, sometimes described female, sometimes male.|
|**McKenna**, Catherine |1980-|Crit. Sovereignty (S) Many works kingship lordship poets|
|**[[s:morgain|Morgain, Shan]]**| 2012-|'Mabinogi Bibliog' & this site. Rhiannon, Welsh Renaissance, politics, online education|
|**Men** of Dyfed| |m.[4]Pryderi leads his men to war with Gwynedd. He is killed by Gwydion, grieving they bear his body away.|
|**//Mice//**| |Vermin. [3] Llwyd shapeshifts wife and courtiers as mice to raze Manawydan's crops. See Mouse Lady. |
|**'Mouse Lady'**| |f. [3]Anonymous wife of Llwyd, enchanter. Playfully shapeshifts to Mouse, captured by manawydan, used as hostage. |
|**Nobles** of Dyfed| |m.[1,4]Pwyll has companions when he hunts in Glyn Cuch, probably nobles. He reassures his nobles on returning from Annwfn. His nobles are with him on Gorsedd Arberth during Rhiannon's rides. He takes 99 with him to the 2nd wedding feast. They (men & women) receive her gifts as a bride. They later urge him to divorce Rhiannon, twice. In Pryderi's time they advise accepting Gwydion's costly gifts, then to go to war. See Men of Dyfed.|
|**Nysien**  fab Llŷr| |m. [2] Brother and opposite character of Efnysien, peaceful person.|
|**//Owl//**| |Bird. [4] Gwydion avenges Lleu's betrayal by condemning Blodeuedd to live as an owl.|
|**Pebin**| |m. [4] Gwynedd. Father of Goewin.|
|**Parker**, Will |2002-|Pioneer online resources: history bibliog trans. // Four Branches// native myth.|
|**Penarddun**| |m. [2] Mother of Bendigeidfran, Manawydan, Branwen by Llýr; and by Euroswydd, of Efnysien & Nisien. The different status of her two consorts lead to the conflict and war of the Second Branch.|
|**Pendaran**| |m. [1] High status noble of Dyfed who transacts matters as equal with Pwyll & Rhiannon; foster father of Pryderi. Also named in Second Branch.|
|**Peniarth 6**|1225-1250 c. |Manuscript fragments, incl. two Mabinogi pages: Bendigeidfran's 'bridge' comment; Pryderi & Manawydan hunt boar, Rhiannon rebukes Manawydan. At NLW since 1906.|
|**//Pigs of Annwfn//**| |Pigs [4] Gwynedd. Enchanted much prized pigs, gifts of Annwfn to Pendaran, Pryderi, cause of war Dyfed, Gwynedd.|
|**//Pigs//**| |Boar [3, 4] Pigs of Annwfn [4]; Sow [4]|
|**Priest**| |m. [3] Dyfed. Llwyd's second disguise as Priest to negotiate his Mouse Lady's freedom from Manawydan. See Scholar; Bishop.|
^Pryderi ap Pwyll| |m. [1,2,3,4] Dyfed, Ireland, Ceredigion. Son of Rhiannon & Pwyll, abducted, foster son of Teyrnon (as Gŵri) & Pendaran. Successful war leader. Marries Cigfa. Generous friend to Manawydan. Imprisoned by Llwyd. Befriends Gwydion who betrays him to foment war, kills him in duel.|
|**//Priflys//**| |Chief Court. (//prif// 'first, chief'; //llys//, 'court'). Political, economic, legal centres. Rulers moved around them, or sent trusted princely agent, esp. to collect supplies.|
^[[s:pughe|Pughe, William Owen]] |1792-1833 |First publ. Mabinogi text. Many works. Unpubl. //Mabinogion// incl. art|
|**//Puppies//**| |Dogs. [1] Maids of Rhiannon plot to hide their failure as guardians; kill puppies, smear Rhiannon with blood.|
^Pwyll| |m. [1] Prince of Dyfed, becomes Penn Annwfn hero, ally of Arawn. Chosen by Rhiannon, plots with her to overcome rival Gwawl. Loyal to Rhiannon during loss of their son, penance. Lives long life, dies peacefully.|
|**Queen**| |f. //brenhines//. 'Queen of Annwfn' (unnamed). Queen of Iwerddun, 'Ireland' (Branwen).|
|**'Queen of Annwfn'**| |f. [1] Unnamed wife of Arawn, idealised queen, endures chaste bed with shapechanged Pwyll, later dialogueabout it with husband.|
^Rhiannon| |f. [1,2,3] Elite noblewoman, horsewoman, enchanter, goddess. Chooses Pwyll as consort, plots with him to extricate herself from Gwawl marriage. Son Gŵri/ Pryderi abducted. She is accused, does penance. Child restored by Teyrnon. Widowed. Remarries, Manawydan. Journeys in Lloegres (England). Captive of Llwyd, rescued by Manawydan.|
^Roberts, Brynley F. |1964-|Performance oral trad. Characters. Legends|
|**Rodway**, Simon |1998-|Manuscripts, dating, crit. Celtic. //Dating Medieval Welsh Literature// 2013|
|**Rhys, John**|1887-1901 |First Prof. Celtic Oxford, Hibbert Lect. Myth, solar hero, bardic apprentice. |
|**Saddlers**| |m.[3]Manawydan & family's first business succeeds so well at saddlemaking they make fatal enemies of English saddlers. See Shieldmakers, Shoemakers.|
|**Scholar**| |m. [3] Dyfed. Llwyd's first disguise as Scholar to negotiate his Mouse Lady's freedom from Manawydan. See Priest; Bishop.|
|**Servants**| |Servants attampt to fill the bag with food at the second wedding feast.[1]|
|**Seven Survivors**| |m.[2]The survivors or the Irish War are Manawydan, Pryderi, Glifieu Eil Taran, Taliesin, Ynawg, Gruddyeu ap Muriel, Heilyn ap Gwyn Hen.|
|**Shieldmakers**| |m.[3]Manawydan & family's second business succeeds so well they make fatal enemies of English shieldmakers. See Saddlemakers, Shoemakers.|
|**Shoemakers**| |m.[3,4]Manawydan & family's third business succeeds so well they make fatal enemies of English shoemakers. He returns a fourth time, again making shoes. See Saddlemakers, Shieldmakers. Gwydion disguises as a shoemaker to deceive Arianrhod.|
|**Sims-Williams**, Patrick |1977-2011 |//Irish Influence// 2011|
|**//Sow//**| |Pig. [4] Math shapeshifts Gwydion & Gilfaethwy to boar & sow: son Hychdin Hir adopted by Math. A sow leads Gwydion to post-death Lleu, as an Eagle ina tree.|
^Sullivan, William III |1989-| ed. //The Mabinogi. A Book of Essays// (S) Myth & fantasy|
|**Swine**| |See Pig; Sow.|
|**Stable boys**| |m.[1]As a boy Gŵri (later Pryderi) adores horses, persuades stable boys to let him water them. See also Groom.|
|**//Stag//**| |m. Deer [1,4] Pwyll takes stag belonging to Arawn, opening a compensatioN dialogue. Gwydion & Gilfaethwy shapeshifted to deer and bear son Byddwn  adopted by Math.|
|**//Staghound bitch//**| |Dogs. [1] Maids of Rhiannon plot to hide their failure as guardians; kill her puppies, smear Rhiannon with blood.|
|**//Starling//**| |Bird [2] Branwen in Ireland trains starling to fly to brother Bendigeidfran in Britain with message of her abuse by husband Matholwch.|
|**Storytellers**| |m.[4]Ceredigion. Gwydion in disguise, takes a band of people to entertain Pryderi and win his trust.|
|**Taliesin**| |m.[2] One of the Seven Survivors or the Irish War; also Manawydan, Pryderi, Glifieu Eil Taran,  Ynawg, Gruddyeu ap Muriel, Heilyn ap Gwyn Hen.|
|**Teyrnon** Twryf Liant| |m. [1] Honorable lord, horse breeder, guards his mare and rescues abducted Gŵri/Pryderi. Respects Lady of Gwent's advice, restores Gŵri/Pryderi to Dyfed.|
|**Thomas**, Gwyn |1983-09 |Many versions Welsh, Eng. incl. children|
|**Thomas, Peter Wynne, et al**|2007-13 |'Welsh Prose 1300 -1425' Online transcription Llyfr Gwyn, Llyfr Coch|
|**Travellers**| |[1] Rhiannon's penance involves meeting travellers at the Arberth gates, to tell them her story of infanticide, and offer to carry them.|
^Valente, Roberta |1986-|//Merched y Mabinogi: Women// 1986. Crit. myth. (S)|
|**Welsh**, Andrew |1988-|Structural analysis, tripartite. Esp. Manawydan  (S)|
^Williams, Ifor |1929-47 |//Pedeir Keinc y Mabinogi// (PKM) Classic modernised Welsh. Dating, social|
|**Winward**, Fiona|1997-|Women, gender|
|**//Wolf//**| |[4]Gwydion & Gilfaethwy shapeshifted to wolf pair: son Bleiddwn adopted by Math.|
|**Wood**, Juliette|1975-|Calumniated Wife motif, folklore (Sullivan) Folklore, Goddesses|
|**//Wren//**| |[4]Lleu as a boy shoots a wren, Arianrhod exclaims he is skilful. By speaking to him she breaks her first ban, directly recognising he exists, givins him his name: 'skliful hand'.|
|**Ynawg**| |m.[2] One of the Seven Survivors or the Irish War; also Manawydan, Pryderi, Glifieu Eil Taran, Taliesin, Gruddyeu ap Muriel, Heilyn ap Gwyn Hen.|
</datatables>
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